Insights, articles, and tutorials on simulation, Python, and SimPy from the School of Simulation. Welcome to Model Musings.https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/en-ushttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-performance-optimization/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-performance-optimization.htmlYour simulation works. But it's slow. Here's how to fix that.Wed, 04 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-deadlock-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-deadlock-explained.htmlYour simulation starts. Then stops. No error. No output. Just... nothing.Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-process-not-running/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-process-not-running.htmlYou wrote the code. You ran the simulation. Nothing happened.Mon, 02 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-debugging-tips/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-debugging-tips.htmlSomething's broken. You need to find it. Here's how.Sun, 01 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-common-errors/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-common-errors.htmlEvery SimPy error message has a story. Here are the ones you'll meet.Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-optimization/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-optimization.htmlSimulation tells you what happens. Optimisation tells you what's best.Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-animation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-animation.htmlStatic charts tell a story. Animation tells it better. Watch your simulation unfold in real time.Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-with-numpy/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-with-numpy.htmlPython's random module is fine. NumPy's random is better. More distributions. Better seeding. Faster analysis.Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-with-matplotlib/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-with-matplotlib.htmlNumbers tell the story. Visualisations make people believe it.Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-with-pandas/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-with-pandas.htmlSimPy generates data. pandas makes sense of it. Together, they're unstoppable.Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-production-line-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-production-line-simulation.htmlProduction lines are sequences of stations connected by buffers. Material flows from start to finish. Bottlenecks determine throughput. Simulation finds them.Sun, 22 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-warehouse-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-warehouse-simulation.htmlWarehouses are logistics engines. Goods flow in, get stored, get picked, and flow out. Simulation reveals the bottlenecks between receive and ship.Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-airport-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-airport-simulation.htmlAirports are complex systems under constant pressure. Passengers flow through multiple touchpoints. Delays cascade. Simulation helps you see where things go...Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-machine-shop-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-machine-shop-simulation.htmlThe machine shop is a classic simulation problem. Jobs arrive. Machines process them. Breakdowns happen. The question: can you meet your deadlines?Thu, 19 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-restaurant-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-restaurant-simulation.htmlRestaurants are fascinating systems. Multiple resources. Parallel processes. Variable service times. Customer behaviour. All in one simulation.Wed, 18 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-supply-chain-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-supply-chain-simulation.htmlSupply chains are networks of queues, buffers, and delays. Orders flow one way. Goods flow the other. Simulation reveals where they get stuck.Tue, 17 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-bank-queue-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-bank-queue-simulation.htmlThe bank queue is the "Hello World" of simulation. It's simple enough to understand, complex enough to be interesting, and applicable to dozens of other...Mon, 16 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-call-center-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-call-center-simulation.htmlCall centres live and die by their metrics. Average wait time. Abandonment rate. Service level. Simulation helps you hit your targets without overstaffing.Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-hospital-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-hospital-simulation.htmlHospitals are complex systems. Patients arrive unpredictably. Resources are constrained. Lives depend on getting it right. Simulation helps.Sat, 14 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-manufacturing-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-manufacturing-simulation.htmlManufacturing is where simulation proves its worth. Every minute of downtime costs money. Every bottleneck limits output. SimPy helps you find them before they...Fri, 13 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-multiple-processes/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-multiple-processes.htmlReal systems have many things happening at once. Customers shopping. Machines running. Trucks delivering. SimPy handles them all.Thu, 12 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-run-until-condition/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-run-until-condition.htmlSometimes you don't know when to stop. Run until the queue is empty. Until 1000 customers are served. Until something interesting happens.Wed, 11 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-real-time-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-real-time-simulation.htmlNormal SimPy runs as fast as possible. Simulation years pass in seconds. But sometimes you need simulation time to match real time.Tue, 10 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-interrupts-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-interrupts-explained.htmlReal systems have interruptions. Machines break. Priorities change. Shifts end. SimPy lets you model all of this with interrupts.Mon, 09 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-logging/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-logging.htmlPrint statements are fine for tiny simulations. Real simulations need proper logging.Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-visualize-results/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-visualize-results.htmlNumbers tell the story. Visualisations make people listen.Sat, 07 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-confidence-intervals/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-confidence-intervals.htmlA point estimate without a confidence interval is a guess with false precision. Here's how to do it properly.Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-warm-up-period/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-warm-up-period.htmlYour simulation starts empty. Reality doesn't. This mismatch corrupts your results unless you handle it properly.Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-run-multiple-replications/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-run-multiple-replications.htmlOne simulation run proves nothing. Run it again—different results. Which is right? Both. Neither. You need replications.Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-collect-statistics/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-collect-statistics.htmlA simulation without statistics is just an animation. You need numbers. Trends. Distributions. Evidence.Tue, 03 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-random-numbers/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-random-numbers.htmlRandomness is the soul of simulation. But uncontrolled randomness is chaos. Here's how to do it right.Mon, 02 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-service-times/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-service-times.htmlService times—how long things take—are rarely fixed. Choosing the right distribution makes your simulation realistic or useless.Sun, 01 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-arrivals-poisson/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-arrivals-poisson.htmlEvery simulation needs entities entering the system. Customers arrive. Jobs appear. Packets flow. How you model arrivals shapes your entire simulation.Sat, 31 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-server-model/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-server-model.htmlServers are the workhorses of simulation. Tills, machines, staff, computers—anything that processes entities and takes time.Fri, 30 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-queue-model/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-queue-model.htmlQueues are the bread and butter of discrete event simulation. Customers waiting. Jobs pending. Packets buffering. If you can model a queue, you can model...Thu, 29 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-filterstore-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-filterstore-explained.htmlStore gives you the next item. FilterStore lets you be picky.Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-store-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-store-explained.htmlResources count slots. Containers track levels. Stores hold distinct items.Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-container-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-container-explained.htmlNot everything is about counting slots. Sometimes you need to model levels—fuel in a tank, items in a buffer, water in a reservoir. That's what Container is...Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-preemptiveresource-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-preemptiveresource-explained.htmlPreemptiveResource is the aggressive sibling of PriorityResource. It doesn't just jump the queue—it kicks out whoever's currently using the resource.Sun, 25 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-priorityresource-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-priorityresource-explained.htmlNot all customers are equal. Not all jobs are equally urgent. PriorityResource lets important requests jump the queue.Sat, 24 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-resource-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-resource-explained.htmlResources are where the interesting stuff happens. Queues form. Waiting occurs. Bottlenecks emerge.Fri, 23 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-generators-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-generators-explained.htmlSimPy is built on Python generators. If generators feel mysterious, SimPy will too. Let's fix that.Thu, 22 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-yield-keyword-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-yield-keyword-explained.htmlIf you've looked at any SimPy code, you've seen yield everywhere. It's not decoration—it's the mechanism that makes simulation work.Wed, 21 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-timeout-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-timeout-explained.htmlThe timeout is the most frequently used event in SimPy. It's how you say "wait for X time units."Tue, 20 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-events-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-events-explained.htmlEvents are the heartbeat of SimPy. Every time something happens—a timeout expires, a resource becomes available, a process completes—that's an event.Mon, 19 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-processes-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-processes-explained.htmlIf the environment is the heart of SimPy, processes are the muscles. They do the actual work.Sun, 18 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-environment-explained/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-environment-explained.htmlThe SimPy Environment is the least glamorous and most important part of every simulation. It's the clock, the scheduler, and the coordinator all in one.Sat, 17 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-vs-anylogic/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-vs-anylogic.htmlAnyLogic is the Swiss Army knife of simulation—it does agent-based, system dynamics, and discrete-event simulation in one package. SimPy does discrete-event...Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-vs-arena/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-vs-arena.htmlArena is the Microsoft Office of simulation software—ubiquitous, expensive, and often used because it's what everyone else uses. SimPy is the open-source...Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/when-to-use-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/when-to-use-simulation.htmlSimulation is powerful. But it's not always the right tool.Wed, 14 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-in-10-minutes/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-in-10-minutes.htmlYou don't need a week to learn SimPy. You need ten minutes and this guide.Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-hello-world/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-hello-world.htmlEvery programming journey starts with "Hello World." Simulation is no different—except instead of printing text, we're modelling events over time.Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/how-to-install-simpy/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/how-to-install-simpy.htmlThe installation process for SimPy is not exactly complicated. Open a terminal. Run one command. Done.Sun, 11 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/what-is-simpy/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/what-is-simpy.htmlIf you've ever Googled "discrete event simulation Python," you've probably stumbled across SimPy. But what actually is it? And more importantly, should you...Sat, 10 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/what-is-discrete-event-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/what-is-discrete-event-simulation.htmlDiscrete event simulation sounds academic. It's not. It's one of the most practical tools an engineer can learn.Fri, 09 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/gemini-cli-vs-claude-code-simpy/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/gemini-cli-vs-claude-code-simpy.htmlA head-to-head comparison of Gemini CLI and Claude Code (Opus) for writing SimPy simulations. Discover which AI tool comes out on top for conciseness, accuracy, and intelligence.Wed, 09 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/the-dawn-of-vibe-modelling/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/the-dawn-of-vibe-modelling.htmlExplore the new era of 'vibe modelling' as Claude 4 Opus excels in a complex simulation benchmark, delivering clean code and near-perfect results. Is this the future of simulation?Mon, 07 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/how-to-know-simulation-settings-are-representative/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/how-to-know-simulation-settings-are-representative.htmlHow can you be sure your simulation's settings reflect the future? Learn to build credible models through validation, sensitivity analysis and stakeholder engagement.Thu, 03 Jul 2025 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/real-world-examples-discrete-event-simulation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/real-world-examples-discrete-event-simulation.htmlDiscover real-world examples of discrete-event simulation. See how it saved one firm $50M, cut hospital wait times by 30%, and optimized supply chains.Wed, 25 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/simpy-vs-salabim-simulation-comparison/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/simpy-vs-salabim-simulation-comparison.htmlCompare Python's SimPy and salabim simulation libraries. We build an assembly line model in both to see how they tackle the same problem, side-by-side.Wed, 18 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/what-simpy-does/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/what-simpy-does.htmlDiscover why SimPy is essential for discrete-event simulation in Python, even if you're proficient in coding. Learn about SimPy's core mechanisms.Mon, 02 Jun 2025 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/can-models-predict-reality-closely/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/can-models-predict-reality-closely.htmlExplore how close predictive models can get to reality. Understand the factors influencing model accuracy and their role in decision-making and systems thinking.Sat, 31 May 2025 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/relationship-between-simulation-and-optimisation/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/relationship-between-simulation-and-optimisation.htmlExplore the distinct roles and synergistic relationship between simulation and optimisation. Learn how simulation models provide data to guide optimisation efforts.Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 GMThttps://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog/visualising-simpy-simulations/https://www.schoolofsimulation.com/blog_posts/visualising-simpy-simulations.htmlTransform your SimPy simulations from abstract logic into compelling visual stories. Learn static plots, animations, and professional visualisation techniques.Fri, 10 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT